Room Persistence Library . The most common use case is to cache relevant. That way, when the device cannot access the network, the user. Any user- initiated. The core framework provides built- in support for working with raw SQL content. The Java EE 6 Tutorial Eric Jendrock Ricardo Cervera-Navarro Ian Evans Devika Gollapudi Kim Haase William Markito Chinmayee Srivathsa January 2013.As your data graph. SQL queries manually. This process can. You need to use lots of boilerplate code to convert between SQL queries and. Java data objects. Room takes care of these concerns for you while providing an abstraction layer. Mapping class to a database view with Entity Framework. EntityType 'ClassHere' has no key defined. This article overviews strategies for assigning primary keys to a table within a relational database. In particular, it focuses on the issue of when to use natural. SQLite. There are 3 major components in Room: Database: You. The annotation defines. DAOs) in the database. It is also the main access point for. The Entity Framework is a set of technologies in ADO.NET that support the development of data-oriented software applications. Architects and developers of. The annotated class should be an abstract class that extends. Room. Database. For each entity, a database table is created to hold the. You must reference the entity class through the. Each field of the entity is persisted in the database unless you. Ignore. Note: Entities can have either an empty. DAO class can access each persisted field) or a. Room can also use full or partial constructors. DAO: This component represents a class or interface as a Data. Access Object (DAO). DAOs are the main component of Room and are. The class. that is annotated with. Database must. contain an abstract method that has 0 arguments and returns the class that. Room creates an implementation of. Note: By accessing a database using a DAO class instead of query builders. Furthermore, DAOs allow you to easily mock database access. These components, along with their relationships with the rest of the app. Figure 1: Figure 1. Room architecture diagram. The following code snippet contains a sample database configuration with 1. When you find it necessary to update a primary key value as well as all matching foreign keys, then the entire design needs to be fixed. It is tricky to cascade all. This is a series: Part 1: Analysing whether Repository pattern useful with Entity Framework; Part 2: Four months on – my solution to replacing the Repository. DAO: User. java@Entity. User . You can make a field public, or. If you use setter and getter. Java Beans conventions in Room. Primary key. Each entity must define at least 1 field as a primary key. Even when there is. Also, if you want Room to assign automatic IDs to entities, you. Primary. Key's. property. If the entity has a composite primary key, you can use the. Entity annotation. Entity(primary. Keys = . If you want. the table to have a different name, set the. Entity annotation. Entity(table. Name = . If. you want a column to have a different name, add the. Entity(table. Name = . To add indices to an entity, include. Entity annotation. The following code snippet demonstrates this annotation. Entity(indices = . The following code sample prevents a table from having. Name and. last. Name columns. Entity(indices = . Even though most ORM libraries allow entity objects to reference each. Room explicitly forbids this. For more details, see Addendum: No object. Even though you cannot use direct relationships, Room still allows you to define. Foreign Key constraints between entities. For example, if there's another entity called Book, you can define its. User entity using the. Entity(foreign. Keys = @Foreign. Key(entity = User. Columns = . For instance, you can tell SQLite to delete. User is deleted by. Delete=CASCADE. annotation. Note: SQLite handles. Insert(On. Conflict=REPLACE). REMOVE and REPLACE operations instead of a single UPDATE. This method of replacing conflicting values could affect your. For more details, see the SQLite documentation for the. ON. In these situations, you can use the. You can then query the embedded fields just as you. For instance, our User class can include a field of type Address, which. Code. To store the composed columns separately in the table, include an. Address field in the User class that is annotated with. Address . Room then adds the provided value to the beginning of each column. Data Access Objects (DAOs)The main component in Room is the Dao class. DAOs abstract access to the. A Dao can be either an interface or an abstract class. If it is an abstract. Room. Database as. Note: Room does not allow accessing the database on the main thread unless you. Main. Thread. Queries(). UI for a long periods of. Asynchronous queries (queries that return Live. Data or Rx. Java. Flowable) are exempt from this rule since they asynchronously run the query. Methods for convenience. There are multiple convenience queries that you can represent using a DAO class. If the parameter is an array or a collection. It uses a query that matches against the primary key of each entity. It uses the primary keys to find the entities to delete. The. following code snippet demonstrates how to define this method: @Dao. My. Dao . It allows you to perform read/write operations. Each. @Query method is. Room also verifies the return value of the query such that if the name of the. Room alerts you in one of the following two ways: It gives a warning if only some field names match. It gives an error if no field names match. Simple queries@Dao. My. Dao . At compile time, Room knows. If the query contains a. Room displays. an error with the appropriate message as your app compiles. Passing parameters into the query. Most of the time, you need to pass parameters into queries to perform filtering. To. accomplish this task, use method parameters in your Room annotation, as shown. Dao. public interface My. Dao . Room performs the match using the. If there is a mismatch, an error occurs as your app compiles. You can also pass multiple parameters or reference them multiple times in a. Dao. public interface My. Dao . For example. UI might display just a user's first name and last name, rather than every. By fetching only the columns that appear in your app's. UI, you save valuable resources, and your query completes more quickly. Room allows you to return any Java object from your queries as long as the set. For example, you can. POJO to fetch the user's first name and last name: public class Name. Tuple . Therefore, Room can generate the proper code. If the query. returns too many columns, or a column that doesn't exist in the Name. Tuple. class, Room displays a warning. Note: These POJOs can also use the. Passing a collection of arguments. Some of your queries might require you to pass in a variable number of. For. example, you might want to retrieve information about all users from a subset of. Room understands when a parameter represents a collection and. Dao. public interface My. Dao . To achieve this, use a return value of. Live. Data in your. Room generates all necessary code to update the. Live. Data when the. Dao. public interface My. Dao . To use this functionality, add the. Room group into your. Gradle dependencies. You can then return objects of types defined in. Rx. Java. 2, as shown in the following code snippet: @Dao. My. Dao . Use this functionality only if you already have code that. Querying multiple tables. Some of your queries might require access to multiple tables to calculate the. Room allows you to write any query, so you can also join tables. For example, you can write a query. Dao. public interface My. Dao . To add this kind of support for. Room can persist. For example, if we want to persist instances of Date, we can. Unix timestamp in the database: public class Converters ? Since Room already knows how to persist Long objects, it can use this converter to persist values of type. Date. Next, you add the. Type. Converters. App. Database class so that Room can use the converter that. DAO in that App. Database: App. Database. java. @Database(entities = . For. more details, see the reference documentation for the. Type. Converters. Database migration. As you add and change features in your app, you need to modify your entity. When a user updates to the latest version of. Room allows you to write. Each. class specifies a start. Version and end. Version. At runtime, Room runs each. Caution: If you don't provide the necessary. Room rebuilds the database instead, which means you'll lose all of. Room. database. Builder(get. Application. Context(), My. Db. class, . If Room finds a problem, it throws an. Testing migrations. Migrations aren't trivial to write, and failure to write them properly could. To preserve your app's stability, you should. Room provides a testing Maven artifact to. However, for this artifact to work, you need. Exporting schemas. Upon compilation, Room exports your database's schema information into a JSON. To export the schema, set the room. Location annotation processor. It is also a Junit. Test. Rule. class, so it can manage created databases. A sample migration test appears in the following code snippet: @Run. With(Android. JUnit. Migration. Test . Room allows you to easily mock the data. This process is possible because your DAOs don't. When testing the rest of your application. DAO classes. There are 2 ways to test your database: On your host development machine. On an Android device. Testing on your host machine. Room uses the SQLite Support Library, which provides interfaces that match those. Android Framework classes. This support allows you to pass custom. Even though this setup allows your tests to run very quickly, it isn't. SQLite running on your device—and your. Testing on an Android device. The recommended approach for testing your database implementation is writing a. JUnit test that runs on an Android device. Because these tests don't require. UI tests. When setting up your tests, you should create an in- memory version of your. Run. With(Android. JUnit. 4. class). Simple. Entity. Read. Write. Test . The UI thread has about 1. Worse still, the query could take more time to complete. If you don't use lazy loading, however, the app. ORMs usually leave this decision to developers so that they can do whatever is. Unfortunately, developers usually end up sharing. UI. As the UI changes over time, problems. For example, take a UI that loads a list of Book objects, with each book. Author object. You might initially design your queries to use lazy. Book use a get. Author() method to return the. The first invocation of the get. Author() call queries the database. You can add the method call easily enough, as shown in the. Name. Text. View. Text(user. get. Author(). Name()). However, this seemingly innocent change causes the Author table to be queried. If you query author information eagerly, it becomes difficult to change how data. Using Entity Framework With an Existing Database: Data Access. In many large- scale projects, software developers are often have to work with existing SQL Server databases with predefined tables and relationships. The problem can be that some predefined databases can have aspects that are awkward to deal with from the software side. As a software developer, my choice of database access tool is Microsoft’s Entity Framework (EF) so I am motivated to see how EF can handle this. Entity Framework 6 has a number of features to make it fairly straightforward to work with existing databases. In this article I’ll detail those steps that I needed to take on the EF side, in order to build a fully featured web application to work with the Adventure. Works database. I’ll actually use the Adventure. Works. LT2. 01. 2 database, which is a cut- down version of the larger Adventure. Works OLTP database. I am using Microsoft’s ASP. NET MVC5 (MVC) with the propriety Kendo UI package for the UI/presentation layer, which I cover in the next article. At the end, I also mention some other techniques that I didn’t need for Adventure. Works, but I have needed on other databases. The aim is to show how you can use EF with pre- existing databases, including ones that need direct access to T- SQL commands and/or Stored Procedures. Creating the Entity Framework Classes from the existing database. Entity Framework has a well- documented approach, called reverse engineering, to create the EF Entity Classes and Db. Context from an existing database. This produces data classes with various Data Annotations to set some of the properties, such as string length and nullablity (see the example below built around the Customer. Table), plus a Db. Context with an On. Model. Creating method to set up the various relationships. Data. Layer. Generated. Ef. Certainly it is very useful to have the Data Annotations because front- end systems like MVC use these for data validation during input. However I did have a couple of problems: The default code generation template includes the `virtual` keyword on all of the relationships. This enabled lazy loading, which I do not want. EF failed on a create and I needed to fix this. I have been corrected in my understanding of lazy loading by some readers. The documentation states that . The problem with this is it does not make for efficient SQL commands, as individual SQL SELECT commands are raised for each access to virtual relationships, which is not such as good idea for performance. For that reason I do not use Lazy Loading so I want to turn it off. However if this isn’t an issue for you then you can leave it in. Lazy Loading can make handling relationships easier for the software, although in my second article I will show you a method that specifically selects each data column it needs and therefore does not need Lazy Loading. Now you could hand- edit each generated class so as to remove the ? The problem is that you would then have to re- import the database and so lose all your edits, which you or your colleague might have forgotten about by then, and suddenly your whole web application slows down. No, the common rule with generated code is not to edit it. In this case the answer is to change the code that is generated during the creation of the classes and Db. Context. Note: You can turn off lazy loading via the EF Configuration class too, but I prefer to remove the virtual keyword as it ensures that lazy loading is definitely off. Altering the code that Reverse Engineering produces. The generation of the EF classes and Db. Context is done using some t. By default the reverse engineering of the database uses some internal scaffolding, but you can import the scaffolding and change it. There is a very clear explanation of how to import the scaffolding using Nu. Get, so I’m not going to repeat it. Once you have installed the Entity. Framework. Code. Templates you will find two files called Content. Entity. Type. cs. Db. Context and each entity class respectively are built. Even if you aren’t familiar with t. I found the word . I also removed the word . All is possible, but you must dig into the . One warning about using importing scaffolding – Visual Studio threw a nasty error message when I first tried to import using the Entity. Framework. Code. Templates scaffolding (see stackoverflow entry). It took a bit of finding but it turns out if you have Entity Framework Power Tools Beta 4 installed then they clash. If you have Entity Framework Power Tools installed then you need to disable it and restart Visual Studio before you can import/reverse engineer a database. I hope that gets fixed as Entity Framework Power Tools is very useful. Fixing a problem with how the two keys are defined in the Sales. Order. Detail table. The standard definition for the Sales. Order. Detail table key parts are as follows. This caused problems when I tried to create a new Sales. Order. Detail so that I could add a line item to an order. I got the SQL error: 1. Cannotinsertexplicitvalueforidentitycolumnintable'Sales. Order. Detail'when. IDENTITY. I tried a few things but as it looked like an EF error I tried telling EF that the Saled. Order. Detail. ID was an Identity key by using the attribute . That fixed it! The best solution would be to edited the scaffolding again to always add that attribute to identity keys. That needed a bit of work and the demo was two days away so in the meantime I added the needed attribute using the Metadata. Type attribute and a . This is a generally useful feature so I use this example to show you how to do this in the next section. Adding new Data. Annotations to EF Generated classes. Being able to add attributes to properties in already generated classes is a generally useful thing to do. I needed it to fix the key problem (see section 1 above), but you might want to add some Data. Annotations to help the UI/presentation layer such as marking properties with their datatype, e. I will show you my example of adding the missing Identity attribute. The process requires me to add a partial class in another file (see later for more on this) and then add the . That fixed my problem with EF creating new Sales. Order. Detail properly and I was away. What happens when the database changes? Having sorted the scaffolding as discussed above then just repeat step 1, . There are a few things you need to do before, during and after the re- import. You should remember/copy the name of the Db. Context so you use the same name when you re- import. That way it will recompile properly without major name changes. Because you are using the same name as the existing Db. Context you must delete the previous Db. Context otherwise the re- importing process will fails. If its easier you can delete all the generated files as they are replaced anyway. That is why I suggest you put them in a separate directory with no other files added. When re- importing by default the process will add the connection string to your App. Config file again. I suggest you un- tick that otherwise you end up with lots of connection strings (minor point, but can be confusing). If you use source control (I really recommend you do) then a quick compare of the files to check what has changed is worthwhile. Adding new properties or methods to the Entity classes. In my case I wanted to add some more properties or methods to the class? Clearly I can’t add properties that change the database – I would have to talk to the DBA to change the database definition and import the new database schema again. However in my case I wanted to add properties that accessed existing database properties to produce more useful output, or to have an intention revealing name, like Has. Sales. Order. You can do this because the scaffolding produces . To do this it must: have the same namespace as the generated classes The class is declared as public partial < same class name>. I recommend you put them in a different folder to the generated files. That way they will not be overwritten by accident when you recreate the generated files (note: the namespace must be the original namespace, not that of the new folder). Below I give an example where I added to the customer class. Ignore for now the IModified. Entity interface (dealt with later in this article) and . We use this to decide if a 'Customer' has actually bought anything /// < /summary> . This is also defined as a partial class so you can use the same approach. Which leads me on to. In the Adventure. Works Lite database these were not generated in the database. Therefore the software needs to update Modified. Date on create or update and set the rowguid on create. Many databases have properties like this and, if not handled by the database,they are best dealt with at Data/Infrastructure layer. With EF this can be done by providing a partial class and overriding the Save. Changes() method to handle the specific issues your database needs. In the case of Adventure. Works I adding an IModified. Entity interface to each partial class that has Modified. Date and rowguid property. Then I added the code below to the Adventure. Works. Lt. 20. 12 Db. Context to provide the functionality required by this database. Adventure. Works. Lt. 20. 12: IGeneric. Services. Db. Context. Save Changes uses this// to find entities that need the date updating, or a new rowguid addedpublicinterface. IModified. Entity. Adventure. Works. LT2. 01. 2 did not, but if you need to that EF 6 has added a neat way of linking to stored procedures. It’s not trivial, but you can find good information here on how to get EF to use SPs for Insert, Update and Delete operations. Clearly if the database needs SPs for CUD (Create, Update and Delete) actions then you need to use them, and there are plenty of advantages in doing so. In the absence of stored procedures, it is easy from the software point of view to use EFs CUD actions and EFs CUD have some nice features.
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What are the standard RFP scoring methodologies? The purpose of scoring an RFP is to identify the supplier which most closely matches the buyer's needs. So the first step is to gather an accurate representation of the buyer's requirements - their evaluation criteria. This stage of the RFP process is addressed elsewhere on this site - an article on writing good rfp questions and faq articles on creating an rfp questionnaire. Once the evaluation criteria have been defined, information is gathered from the suppliers. In Supplier. Select this means drafting an RFP questionnaire and issuing it online for suppliers to complete. Once the supplier data has been collated, it's time to score the RFP. Some of the objectives for an RFP scoring methodology are: Encourage accurate comparison of vendors against individual RFP criteria. Enable criteria to be weighted - not all criteria are of equal importance. Allow criteria to be grouped into sections, and allow weightings to be assigned both at section and criteria level. Support multiple parallel sets of weightings to reflect different stakeholder's priorities and permit 'what- if' analysis. Enable multiple evaluators to contribute to the scoring process. Allow the scores of multiple evaluators to be contrasted or aggregated (e. The example RFP is to assess and select a vehicle. There are three evaluation criteria: Fuel Economy, Top Speed and Cost of Maintenance. Basic Scoring. The most simplistic RFP scoring method is to assign a score to each supplier for each criteria: This approach assumes the same scoring scale for each question - in this case 1 to 1. The problem with this method is that all criteria contribute equally to the total score, thus implying they are all of the same importance. In reality, this is never the case. Some evaluation criteria will always deserve a higher weighting than others, and this should be reflected in the scoring. Combined Score + Weightings. A quick way to reflect the varying importance of criteria is to score each question on a different scale, thus combining the supplier score and the buyer's weight. Application testing is the core and vast topic in software testing field. Here we have tried to simplify Application testing covering following topics - Application. What's the difference between Agile vs Scrum vs Waterfall vs Kanban? Here's everything you need to know about these project management methodologies. Through this article, we will try to introduce ourselves to the most commonly available tools for the test management process. Here is the comparison of top test. Agile Methodologies - 11 Success (or lack there of) ? For an example of this approach click the second tab in the spreadsheet . For one thing, scores have to be allocated on a different scale for each question, which is confusing and error prone. Secondly, the approach limits our flexibility when there are different parties,with different priorities, involved in the evaluation and decision. Classification of different types of test tools according to the test process activities: The tools are grouped by the testing activities or areas that are supported.Innovative software testing solutions - tools and services for automated and manual testing of application software, Web sites, middleware, and system software. Testing is the integral part of software development. Poor testing methodologies lead to unstable products and unpredictable development times. It is very. Software development methodologies play a vital part of developing the software. There are many methodologies which are used by the professional software development. In software engineering, a software development process is the process of dividing software development work into distinct phases to improve design, product. In the field of Software testing we use different types of Software Testing Methodologies. In today’s Software Testing Class, we will see what all Software Testing. In this case we want to be able to capture these varying priorities as distinct sets of weightings so that we can compare the resulting final scores. Distinct Weightings. To address these problems, weightings can be assigned separately from total rfp scores (See the third spreadsheet tab - . This approach involves using a standard scoring scale for each criteria (e. Total scores are calculate as SUM ( score x weight) for each criteria. Once rfp criteria weightings become independent from scoring we gain considerable flexibility. It becomes very easy to create additional . For example, the Finance department (who want to keep down vehicle costs) would likely have a very a different opinion to the Sales department (who want to wizz around prospects in a fast car). Multiple weighting sets allow these differences to be highlighted very clearly. Hierarchical Structures. Strategically significant RFPs usually involve hundreds of of evaluation criteria. This demands a more sophisticated scoring methodology. To assign accurate weightings to these criteria, and to facilitate clearer analysis, these criteria are grouped in to sections, sub section and so forth. Total Cost of Ownership. Fuel Economy. Diesel or Petrol. Urban Fuel Consumption. Extra Urban Fuel Consumption. Long Distance. Maintenance. Depreciation. Features & Performance. Environmental. Within a hierarchical questionnaire structured, it should be possible to assign weights at any level - Section, Sub Section or question. The weight assigned to a section should cap that section's contribution to the whole questionnaire. It is possible to model weightings like this in spreadsheets, but the formulae become complex and tend to be brittle as the spreadsheet is worked on. Assigning weightings in this way is one of the key ingredients of the Analytical Hierarchy Process decision making algorithm. Supplier. Select's RFP scoring methodology follows the hierarchical, distinct weightings approach. All the arithmetic for calculating derived weights and total scores is automated. Agile & Waterfall Methodologies – A Side- By- Side Comparison. There’s a saying that goes “there’s more than one way to skin a cat.” Fortunately for cats everywhere, we’re not going to skin one. We’re simply applying this logic to software development. There are several ways to develop software, two of the most prominent methods being waterfall and Agile. And as anytime there are two ways to go about something, a debate rages about which is best. Does it matter really? Doesn’t either way give you a product (or, well, a skinned cat)? We’ll let you decide. Today, we’re arming you with information about both waterfall and Agile methodologies so that you can make an informed decision as to what you think is best. What is the waterfall methodology? Much like construction and manufacturing workflows, waterfall methodology is a sequential design process. This means that as each of the eight stages (conception, initiation, analysis, design, construction, testing, implementation, and maintenance) are completed, the developers move on to the next step. As this process is sequential, once a step has been completed, developers can’t go back to a previous step – not without scratching the whole project and starting from the beginning. There’s no room for change or error, so a project outcome and an extensive plan must be set in the beginning and then followed carefully. Advantages of the Waterfall Methodology. The waterfall methodology stresses meticulous record keeping. Having such records allows for the ability to improve upon the existing program in the future. With the waterfall methodology, the client knows what to expect. They’ll have an idea of the size, cost, and timeline for the project. They’ll have a definite idea of what their program will do in the end. In the case of employee turnover, waterfall’s strong documentation allows for minimal project impact. Disadvantages of the Waterfall Methodology. Once a step has been completed, developers can’t go back to a previous stage and make changes. Waterfall methodology relies heavily on initial requirements. However, if these requirements are faulty in any manner, the project is doomed. If a requirement error is found, or a change needs to be made, the project has to start from the beginning with all new code. The whole product is only tested at the end. If bugs are written early, but discovered late, their existence may have affected how other code was written. Additionally, the temptation to delay thorough testing is often very high, as these delays allow short- term wins of staying on- schedule. The plan doesn’t take into account a client’s evolving needs. If the client realizes that they need more than they initially thought, and demand change, the project will come in late and impact budget. When should you use waterfall methodology? When there is a clear picture of what the final product should be. When clients won’t have the ability to change the scope of the project once it has begun. When definition, not speed, is key to success. What is Agile? Agile came about as a “solution” to the disadvantages of the waterfall methodology. Instead of a sequential design process, the Agile methodology follows an incremental approach. Developers start off with a simplistic project design, and then begin to work on small modules. The work on these modules is done in weekly or monthly sprints, and at the end of each sprint, project priorities are evaluated and tests are run. These sprints allow for bugs to be discovered, and customer feedback to be incorporated into the design before the next sprint is run. The process, with its lack of initial design and steps, is often criticized for its collaborative nature that focuses on principles rather than process. Advantages of the Agile Methodology. The Agile methodology allows for changes to be made after the initial planning. Re- writes to the the program, as the client decides to make changes, are expected. Because the Agile methodology allows you to make changes, it’s easier to add features that will keep you up to date with the latest developments in your industry. At the end of each sprint, project priorities are evaluated. This allows clients to add their feedback so that they ultimately get the product they desire. The testing at the end of each sprint ensures that the bugs are caught and taken care of in the development cycle. They won’t be found at the end. Because the products are tested so thoroughly with Agile, the product could be launched at the end of any cycle. As a result, it’s more likely to reach its launch date. Disadvantages of Agile Methodology. With a less successful project manager, the project can become a series of code sprints. If this happens, the project is likely to come in late and over budget. As the initial project doesn’t have a definitive plan, the final product can be grossly different than what was initially intended. When should you use Agile methodology? When rapid production is more important than the quality of the product. When clients will be able to change the scope of the project. When there isn’t a clear picture of what the final product should look like. When you have skilled developers who are adaptable and able to think independently. When the product is intended for an industry with rapidly changing standards. Both the Agile and waterfall methodologies have their strengths and weaknesses. The key to deciding which is right for you comes down to the context of the project. Is it going to be changing rapidly? If so, choose Agile. Do you know exactly what you need? Then maybe waterfall is the better option. Or better yet? Consider taking aspects of both methodologies and combining them in order to make the best possible software development process for your project. Do you prefer the Agile or waterfall methodology? Have you ever tried combining the two? How did that work out? Let us know in the comments section, or join the conversation on Facebook, Twitter, or Linked. In. Thank to ihasb. 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Click “Repair All” to fix all issues (requires upgrade). Well if you upgraded recently to the new Windows 1. Technical Preview version and you installed the update KB3. Windows 1. 0 but after a reboot of the operating system or a shutdown you will be prompt by a “Microsoft Visual C++ Runtime Library” window with a message saying that “This application has requested the Runtime to terminate it in an unusual way”. But you won’t need to worry because we have a fix to the Visual C++ Runtime Error in Windows 1. In most of the cases when you get the Microsoft Visual C++ Runtime error in Windows 1. Technical Preview it is because of a conflict between the operating system and the video card driver or the Visual C++ feature in Windows 1. Technical Preview can be broken or corrupt. In this case, we recommend this third- party tool (1. PC. We will be doing some tests below to check the drivers and also we will try to do a clean boot on your Windows 1. 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Left click or tap on the “Control Panel” icon after the search has finished. Find and left click or tap to open the “Hardware and Sound” icon in the Control Panel menu. Left click or tap on the “Device Manager” feature next. Situated on the left side of the Device Manager window is the “Display adapters” option. Left click or tap on “Display adapters” to expand it. Right click or hold tap on the graphics card you are using for Windows 1. Technical Preview. Left click or tap on the “Uninstall” feature. Close the Device Mange window as well as the other windows you have opened. Reboot the Windows 1. Technical Preview. Check to see if you still get the Microsoft Visual C++ Runtime Error and if you do not then it means that you need to update your Graphics card driver to the latest version that is compatible with your Windows 1. Technical Preview system version. Second Step: Press and hold the “Windows” button and the “R” button. Now you should have the Run window in front of you. Write in the run box the following: “msconfig” without the quotes. Press the “Enter” button on the keyboard. Now you have the “System Configuration” window in front of you. Left click or tap on the “Services” tab situated in the upper side in this window. Check the box next to “Hide all Microsoft services”. Left click or tap on the “Disable all” button afterwards. Left click or tap on the “General” tab situated in the upper side of this window. Check the “Selective startup” feature. Uncheck the box next to “Load startup items”. Left click or tap on the “Apply” button. Left click or tap on the “OK” button to close the msconfig window. Reboot your Windows 1. Technical Preview. Check now to see if you still get the Microsoft Visual C++ Runtime Error. If you do not get the error anymore you will have to do this step but this time disable the applications one by one and see exactly which of them is causing this error to appear. 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